Wrench.



BARTON (J. DAVIS, OF CARNEGIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 8, 1905.

I Application filed February 24, 1905. Serial No. 247,097.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BARTON C. DAVIS, a citi- Zen of the United States of America, residing at Carnegie, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention .relates to certain new and useful improvements in wrenches; and the invention has for its object to combine a pipewrench with the ordinary type of wrench, commonly known as a monkey-wrench.

Another object of this invention is to provide a wrench which can be easily and quickly adjusted to any desired size of pipe, rod, or nut to be rotated, novel means being employed to assure a positive and firm grip of the wrench upon an object, whereby the same will be prevented from slipping.

A further object of this invention is to provide a wrench of the above type which will be extremely simple in construction, strong and durable, and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

With the above and other objects in view the invention finally consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, which will be hereinafter more fully described and then specifically pointed out in the claims, and, referring to the drawings accompanying this application, like numerals of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved wrench. Fig. 2 is avertical sectional view of a portion of the wrench. Fig. 3 is a rear edge view of the same. Fig. 4 is a front edge view of my improved wrench. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a movable jaw used in connection with the wrench. Fig.6 is-a fragmentary side elevationview of a modified form of construction. Fig. 7 is a front edge view of the same. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a movable jaw used in connection with a modified form of construction. Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the adjustable jaw of my improved wrench in its modified form, and Fig. 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of the jaw of my improved wrench.

To put my invention into practice, I employ a shank 1, the one edge of which is serrated, as indicated at 2. The shank is provided with a suitable handle 3 and a fixed jaw 4, said jaw having a serrated concavity 5 formed in its under face upon the confronting edge of said jaw. The rear under face of said jaw is provided with an angular cut-away portion 6.

The reference-numeral 7 designates an adjustable jaw which is slidably mounted upon the shank 1. The jaw is provided with avertically-disposed opening 8, adapted to receive the shank of the wrench, the handle 3 of said shank being removed to mount the jaw 7 upon the shank. The top face of the jaw 7 is cut away, as indicated at 8, and in the jaw I form recesses 9 and 9. In said recesses is pivotally mounted by a pin 10 a movable jaw 11. Said jaw is provided with a depending longitudinally disposed rib 12, having an aperture 14 formed in its one end, said aperture being adapted to receive the pin 10, mounted in apertures formed adjacent to the cut-away portion 8. The jaw 11 is also provided with a rearwardly-extending lug 15, having a segment-shaped slot 16 formed therein, which is adapted to receive a pin 17, mounted in apertures 18, formed in the jaw 7. The top face of the jaw 11 is provided with a serrated concavity 19, which is adapted to oppose the concavity 5 formed in the fixed jaw 4. The rear topface of the jaw 7 is provided with an angular concavity 20, corresponding in angularity to the concavity 6 of the fixed jaw 4.

The jaw 7 is cut away, as indicated at 21, and provided with an opening 22, adapted to communicate with said recess. In the recess is mounted a toothed pawl 23, carrying a headed stem 24, which is adapted to protrude through the opening 22 of the jaw 7. The pawl is normally adapted to engage the serrated edge 2 of the shank 1 and is retained in engagement with said shank by a spring 25,

mounted in the recess 21.

The reference-numeral 26 designates a flat spring angularly disposed within the recess 9 of the jaw 7. The spring is retained in said recess by a pin 27, and said spring is adapted to engage the under face of the jaw 11 and normally retain the same in an elevated position, such as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

When it is desired to adjust my improved wrench, the headed stem 24 is gripped and pulled outwardly to disengage the pawl 23 from the shank 1 of the wrench, at which time it can be adjusted upon the shank to engage any desired object, such as a pipe. The

serrated concavities 5 and 19 are adapted to grip the pipe or object upon which the shank is connected and prevent the wrench from slipping upon the curved surface of a pipe. When the jaw 7 is adjusted to engage a pipe, the spring 26 is compressed by the movable jaw 11 receding into the recess 9 formed in Y the jaw 7, and when the jaw 7 is released from the shank 1 the movable jaw 19 serves to separate the jaw 7 from the object which it has igripped. The expanding of the spring 26 causes the jaw to move upwardly within the recess 9, said movement being limited by the pin 17 passing through the slot 16 formed in the jaw. By providing the rear confronting edges of the jaws 4c and 7 with angular concavities the rear edge of the wrench can be used for gripping nuts and objects having flat or angular surfaces.

The construction just described is employed in connection with light-weight wrenches, such as a monkey-wrench, and where my improvement is to be used in connection with large wrenches I preferably construct the same as illustrated in Figs. 6 to 9, inclusive. By referring to said figures it will be observed that the jaw 7 is provided with a recess 28, having a contracted neck portion 29, and in said recess is adapted to be pivoted a jaw 30 by means similar to those heretofore described in connection with the jaw 11. The top face of the jaw 7 upon each side of the recess 28 is provided with serrated concavities 31 and 32, and the jaw 30 is likewise constructed as indicated at 33. The jar 30 is provided with a rearwardly-extending flange 34, which is adapted to move within the contracted neck portion 29 of the recess 28, and this contracted neck portion is provided with a pin 35, which is adapted to limit the upward movement of the jaw 30. A spring 36 is mounted in the recess 28, similar to the spring 26 heretofore described, and this spring is normally adapted to retain the jaw 30 in an elevated position. In connection with this type of wrench I employ the same means for locking the jaw in engagement with the shank 1; but I dispense with the angular concavities heretofore described in connection with the wrench illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings and form the rear confronting faces of the jaws in a large wrench with horizontal surfaces, which can be used in connection with nuts or the like objects where it is desired to rotate the same.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the drawings, it will be observed that the diflt erence between the modified form of construction and the preferred form is slight and that the construction used in connection with the wrench illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings is particularly adapted for heavy work to be performed by the wrench. I do not care to confine myself to the use of the angular concavities in either form of wrench or to .the construction and arrangement of the movable jaw in connection with the adjustable jaw of my improved wrench.

It will be noted that various changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the general spirit and scope of the invention.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In a wrench, the combination with a shank, having a serrated edge, a handle, a fixed jaw carried by said shank, said jaw having a serrated concavity formed therein, of an adjustable jaw mounted upon said shank, a movable jaw pivoted in said adjustable jaw, said jaw having a serrated concavity formed therein, said adjustable jaw and said fixed jaw having angular concavities formed therein, means to normally hold said movable jaw in an elevated position, means to retain said jaw within said adjustable jaw, and means to lock said adjustable jaw in engagement with said shank, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

BARTON c. DAVIS.

i/Vitnessesz K. H. BUTLER, E. E. POTTER. 

